Okay, the Call sign should be 5 and 7, where 5 is common (assumingly „minus“) and 7 is the actual signal („plus“).
You need to measure the voltage between those terminals first and see the voltage, both normally and when door bell is being rung to make sure the voltages are within the range that the Uni is okay with.
If that’s the case - and if my -/+ assumption is correct, too: Pin 3 of the Uni (white) goes to 7 on your door phone, Pin 6 (green) goes to 5 on your door phone.
Then you have to find power for the Uni Pins 1 and 2. I’m not sure you’ll find it within your phone, so you May have to use an external adapter (e.g. to 12V DC from a wall socket (hopefully) nearby. If you’re really lucky there is usable constant power source in the phone somewhere but it also needs to be able to handle the Shelly‘s consumption without the voltage collapsing.
If you have both you can set up a scene that notifies you once there is a certain voltage on the ADC sensor (i.e. the one you measured when bell is rung).
I suppose you could alternatively hook up the bell signal to the input buttons of the Uni, but the above works for me fine.
In your pic it looks like a cable is loose, but I’m sure you saw that.
Best of luck,
Georg