I ended up buying a Raspberry Pi Zero W and added Grove Base Hat and Grove - Light Sensor v1.2.
The documentation of the light sensor provides a python script that you can run from the RPi Zero. I adjusted the code so that the light value is published to the MQTT broker (other RPi, or one at internet). Node red uses this light value to switch the lights based upon the light value.
When this all worked, I made the python script run as a service at the RPi zero, so that it keeps running and also starts again after a reboot of the RPi.