I found some tips on GitHub and Stackoverflow, however none of them worked for me.
Using this guide (https://github.com/yaourdt/mgos-to-tasmota) I was able to successfully flash OTA; first Tasmota, then Tasmota Minimal and then again the recovery firmware (1.5.10).
Using this, I was able to do the calibration.
Thank you very much your crucial hint!